Science and Technology

Cyberspace is so omnipresent that it can seem banal, but it is also a target-rich environment from a military perspective, with modern armies deeply reliant on digital infrastructure. From the perspective of international humanitarian law (or IHL, also known as the law of armed conflict), this raises the question of what cyber operators may and may not attack during armed conflicts, what even constitutes an "attack" under IHL in cyberspace, and what the reverberating effects of those attacks could be on civilians.

In October 2018, the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), an intergovernmental organization in charge of anti-money laundering (AML) and counter-terrorist financing regulations,[1] announced that it would issue guidelines on virtual asset by June 2019.[2] A virtual asset is a digital representation of value that can be traded, transferred, or used for payment or investment purposes, which does not have the status of legal tender in any jurisdiction.