On December 11, 2014, the International Criminal Court (the Court) confirmed four charges against Charles Blé Goudé in connection with the violence in Côte d’Ivoȋre in 2010–2011.  According to the press release, the pre-trial chamber found “sufficient evidence to establish substantial grounds to believe that Charles Blé Goudé is individually criminally responsible for the crimes against humanity of murder, rape, other inhumane acts or – in the alternative – attempted murder, and persecution.”  Mr. Goudé was charged with “individual criminal responsibility for committing these crimes, alternatively, as indirect co-perpetrator . . . ordering, soliciting or inducing . . . aiding, abetting or otherwise assisting . . . or contributing in any other way to the commission of these crimes.”  A warrant was issued for Mr. Goudé’s arrest in December 2011, and he was arrested by national authorities in Côte d'Ivoire before being turned over to the Court in March 2014.