On July 14, 2016, the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) released a report describing pervasive arbitrary deprivation of life in Ukraine between January 2014 and May 2016 and noting that “impunity for killings remains rampant.” The UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine (HRMMU) prepared the report, which is based on interviews with witnesses and relatives of victims, forensic reports, criminal investigation materials, and court documents, among other sources. The report first takes note of a large number of deaths during mass assemblies, including in Odesa and during the Maidan protests in Kyiv. Referring to the conflict in the east, it found that the fighting has resulted in at least 9,404 deaths between April 2014 and May 2016, approximately 2000 of them civilians. Additionally, the report underscores that “[t]here has been no accountability for the vast majority of alleged summary executions and killings committed in the conflict zone.” The report also notes that “[t]he vast majority of civilian casualties . . . were caused by the indiscriminate shelling of residential areas, in violation of the international humanitarian law principle of distinction” (enshrined in, e.g., Article 48 of Additional Protocol I and Article 13 of Additional Protocol II to the Geneva Conventions). According to the report, the conflict “is fuelled by the inflow of foreign fighters and weapons from the Russian Federation.”  It goes on to state that some of the killings may amount to war crimes or crimes against humanity. Notably, the report found that acts of arbitrary deprivation of life were committed both by the separatist armed groups and by elements of the Ukrainian armed forces and law enforcement units.